The Central Role of Judges and Protection of Human Rights in the RKUHAP

The RKUHAP also brings other fundamental changes, including the addition of types of judge's decisions and strengthening the role of judges in supervising coercive measures. In addition to acquittal, release, and criminal verdicts, the RKUHAP introduces two new types of decisions:decisions in the form of actionsandjudicial pardon. The judge's pardon decision, for example, cannot be appealed, providing a new limitation in the judicial process. One of the important innovations in the RKUHAP is the placement of the judge's role as central to every coercive action. Edward Hiariej mentioned nine kinds of coercive measures (including prevention from going abroad, blocking, wiretapping, arrest, and confiscation), all of which must obtain permission from the Head of the Court. "All coercive measures must have permission from the head of the court. This is as a preventive effort so that the authority possessed by the apparatus is not misused," said Eddy. In urgent circumstances, coercive measures can be taken without initial permission, but court approval must be requested within two days. If it is illegal, the action must be stopped immediately. The RKUHAP also strengthens the role of advocates, who can now assist someone from the investigation stage, not only after being named a suspect, and have the right to record objections in the Investigation Report.